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This is a picture taken by Edward S. Curtis when he visited the Quw’utsun’ mustimuhw in 1913. Ruby Peter — Sti’tum’at explains the picture in Hul’q’umi’num’.
This fern is a small to medium-sized plant with evergreen leaves. It grows on wet, mossy ground, logs and rocks and is often found growing on the trunks and branches of trees, especially those of bigleaf maples. It occurs throughout the coast of the province.
The root-like stem is sweetish with a flavour similar to that of licorice and is chewed for sore throat.
